Deriv. GC overview

Derivatization reagents for GC

14.09.2022

At Mikrolab - Frisenette, we also offer reagents for derivatization. Derivatization is one of the most common ways to prepare compounds for GC that are otherwise difficult to separate.

Through derivatization, it is possible to improve separation by replacing active hydrogens in the analyte with various groups that are easier to handle. Derivatization generally improves the following GC parameters:

  • Chromatographic behavior
  • Peak shape
  • Thermal and chemical stability
  • Detectability
  • Volatility

THE MANY DERIVATIZATION REAGENTS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE MAIN CATEGORIES:

Silylation
The introduction of a silyl group into a molecule, usually as a replacement for an active hydrogen. Replacing active hydrogen with a silyl group reduces the compound's polarity and reduces hydrogen bonding. The silylated derivative increases volatility and enhances the sample’s thermal stability.

Acylation
The introduction of an acyl group into a molecule with a replaceable hydrogen or across a double bond. Acylation is used to convert compounds such as alcohols, amines, and thiols into their respective esters, amides, and thioesters.

Alkylation (methylation)
The replacement of an acidic hydrogen with an alkyl or methyl group. It is generally limited to amines or hydroxy groups such as in amino or carboxylic acids. The resulting derivatives are ethers, esters, methylamines, or -amides, which are less polar than the original compounds. Therefore, less hydrogen bonding occurs.

Download derivatization reagents brochure